Adpaxil 100 Injection

Description of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

Adpaxil 100 is an injectable combination of 100mg of paclitaxel which is a known antineoplastic drug used in the treatment of several types of solid tumours, such as breast, lung, ovarian, and pancreatic cancer. Being a representative of the taxane group, its antimyotic action occurs with the help of stabilisation of microtubules, thus not allowing them to depolymerize.. This specific interference with cell division is what results in inhibition of cell proliferation of tumour cells and thus this reduces disease progression and lowers the tumour burden in the affected subject.

Indications of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

Adpaxil 100 is mostly used in the treatment of Breast Cancer, Challenges and potential remedies in managing lung cancer Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), Ovarian Cancer, Pancreatic Cancer and Kaposi Sarcoma (selected cases). It is usually used as a single agent or in combination with other chemotherapy agents and the choice depends on the stage of the disease and response.

Mechanism of action of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

Paclitaxel acts through a mechanism of binding to 8 -tubulin in the micro tubules, which promotes stabilisation and inhibits depolymerization of the micro tubules. This effect on the mitotic spindle arrests the cell cycle at the G2/M transition which causes the rapid proliferating malignant cells to begin to undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death) and thus the improvement of tumour control.

How to consume of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

Adpaxil 100 is administered as an intravenous injection by one of the qualified health-care professionals in a hospital or oncology clinic. The oncologist determines dosage and infusion duration based on aspects such as body surface area, tumour type and patient tolerance. Prophylactic pre-medications, including corticosteroids and antihistamines, are often given in order to reduce the chances of infusion-related hypersensitivity.

Side Effects of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

1. Common side effects

• Hair loss
• Infusion Fever and Chills
• Mild diarrhea
• Nausea or vomiting
• Headache
• Injection-site discomfort

2. Serious side effects

• Pain in the chest
• Irregular heartbeat
• Increased infection risk

3. Rare side effects

• Extreme increase in liver enzymes
• Severe skin reactions
• Hearing disturbances

Safety Advice for Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

Cardiac examination (eg. Echocardiography or left ventricular ejection fraction) and regular liver and blood tests need to be performed on patients treated with Paclitaxel to identify its side effects in the first place.

Breastfeeding: Interaction with the agent during lactation is not advisable since the agent may be released into breast milk and be dangerous to the baby.

Pregnancy: Paclitaxel is not to be used in pregnant women because of the likelihood of harming a child, contraception should be used with effectiveness.

Alcohol: Intake of alcohol should be limited since it could increase the effect of hepatotoxicity.

Liver: Patients who have a history of hepatic disorders must use Paclitaxel cautiously and with strict medical care as the drug may increase the level of hepatic enzymes.

Lungs: New cough, dyspnea and chest discomfort should be reported as soon as possible.

Kidney: Care should be taken in patients with severe renal failure.

Driving: It is possible that patients feel dizzy or fatigued, in this case the patients should avoid driving

Interaction of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

• Drug-Drug Interaction :

Apalutamide x Paclitaxel 

It should be considered to use some alternative pharmacologic agents because the simultaneous use of apalutamide can reduce the therapeutic effects of paclitaxel by influencing the activity of enzymes in the liver.

Eluxadoline x Paclitaxel

Use alternative drug because the use of Paclitaxel will increase the effect of eluxadoline by decreasing it metabolism.

Dichlorphenamide x Paclitaxel

The combination should be used with caution as the interaction lowers the levels of serum potassium.

Siponimod x Paclitaxel

It is recommended that clinical vigilance be observed because the combination might increase the risk of infection.

Phenytoin x Paclitaxel 

This combination should be administered with care because the administration of paclitaxel can reduce the exposure to phenytoin by increasing the metabolism clearance of the latter.

• Drug-Food Interaction:

Food:

There is no reported food interaction that is significant however, a balanced diet should be maintained.

• Drug-Disease Interaction:

Infections: 

This medicine should not be used in patients with active infections as it can cause myelosuppression that will worsen the existing infections.

Conduction disorders: 

Precautions should be observed in the administration of the drug during the treatment process because of the risk of severe disruptions in cardiac conduction..

Peripheral neuropathy: 

The treatment plan must be used in a controlled manner because it would trigger the onset of peripheral neuropathy..

Hepatic dysfunction: 

Patients with reduced hepatic functioning should be handled with caution since moderate and severely impaired hepatic patients are at risk of hepatotoxicity.

Contraindication of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection  

The formulation should not be used in people who are hypersensitive to paclitaxel and patients showing severe neutropenia or uncontrolled infections.

Dosage of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

The dosage depends on the type of cancer, weight of the body and clinical response. Depending on tolerance and efficacy of therapy, the oncologist can modify treatment.

Storage of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

The refrigeration of the product must be at 2-8 C and in light-sensitive environment. It should not be frozen and must be locked up necessitating children to reach them.

Missed Dose of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

In case of a missed infusion, call the healthcare provider so as to reschedule. Do not give two ties its dose.

Other General Information of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

The long-term treatment can trigger exhaustion, neuropathy or xerosis. It is necessary to keep the patient hydrated properly, balance nutrition, and regularly cheque the progress. Atypical manifestations should be reported as soon as possible by the patients.

FAQs of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

1. What is the reason behind the loss of hair with Paclitaxel?

The drug interferes with the rapidly growing mass of cells, such as the dermal papilla cells of the hair follicles.

2. Is neuropathy reversible?

In many cases, treatment of neuropathic symptoms improves after withdrawal of treatment, in spite of the urgency of reporting the symptoms early.

3. Do you have allergic reactions?

Infusion reactions can take place; concomitant premedication is used to prevent this adverse effect.

4. Is it possible to maintain normal functioning?

The normal activities can be generally continued, as long as the severe fatigue or dizziness do not arise.

5. Is it taken either in isolation or in combination with other substances?

The agent is commonly used together with platinum based chemotherapeutics to improve therapy results.

Fact Box of Adpaxil 100 (Paclitaxel 100mg) injection 

References

• Chabner BA, Bertino J, Cleary J, et al. Cytotoxic Agents. In: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC, editors. Goodman & Gilman’s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 12th ed. New York, New York: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2011. pp. 1707-709.
• Chu E, Sartorelli AC. Cancer Chemotherapy. In: Katzung BG, Masters SB, Trevor AJ, editors. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 11th ed. New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited; 2009. pp. 949.
• Briggs GG, Freeman RK, editors. A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk: Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015. pp. 1044-46.
• Summit, New Jersey: Celgene Corporation; 2005 [revised Oct. 2012]. [Accessed 26 Mar. 2019] (online) Available from: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/021660s031lbl.pdf