Dacotin RTU 50 Injection

Description of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection  

Dacotin RTU 50 injection is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent of 50mg Oxaliplatin which is used to treat various solid tumours. Oxaliplatin is a member of alkylating-like cytotoxic agents. It is believed to work by developing covalent cross-linked association with the DNA in malignant cells; hence, interfering with DNA replication and transcription. The subsequent genomic damage causes tumour cell proliferation inhibition and eventual apoptosis hence reducing tumour burden and controlling disease progression.

Indications of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection

Dacotin RTU 50 is used in the treatment of Testicular cancer, Ovarian cancer, Bladder cancer, Non‑small cell lung cancer, Small cell lung cancer, and Head and neck cancers. It is normally used in combination chemotherapy regimens based on the type of tumour, and stage of the disease.

Mechanism of action of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection   

Oxaliplatin is a specific drug that attaches to the N7 atom of the guanine and adenine bases in the DNA forming inter- and intra-strand cross-links. These cross-linkages interfere with the double-helix structure and hence DNA replications and transcription cannot be undertaken properly. The DNA lesions cause the activation of apoptotic signalling pathways which leads to malignant cell death. Even though it is not specific towards cell cycle, Oxaliplatin has shown significant effectiveness on fast dividing cells.

How to consume of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection  

Dacotin RTU 50 is IV drug which is given under the direction of a qualified health practitioner in a hospital. The medication dosage is calculated depending on the body-surface area and the particular therapeutic regimen. Pre-hydration and post-hydration is essential in order to reduce the nephrotoxicity. The treatment is usually administered in cycles and intercourse rest intervals.

Side Effects of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection

1. Common side effects

• Severe nausea and vomiting
• Fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• Hair thinning
• Mild anemia
• Injection-site discomfort

2. Serious side effects

• Kidney damage
• Deafness
• Severe bone marrow suppression
• Electrolyte imbalance

3. Rare side effects

• Dermatologic reactions which are severe
• Peripheral neuropathy

Safety Advice for Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection

It is advisable to monitor regularly the patients under oxaliplatin therapy including renal, electrolyte and complete blood count.

Breastfeeding: The use of Oxaliplatin is contraindicated during lactation as it is likely to have adverse effects on the infant.

Pregnancy: Oxaliplatin must not be used during pregnancy due to its possible effects of foetal toxicity.

Alcohol: The use of alcohol should be limited because it may increase the hepatic and renal stress.

Liver: The use of Oxaliplatin should be cautiously used in patients with hepatic impairment.

Lungs: Pulmonary toxicity is not frequent; however, any breathing problem is to be reported.

Kidney: One should exercise utmost caution in people who have kidney impairment because of the increased chances of developing severe nephrotoxicity.

Driving: The pharmacologic agent has the potential to cause dizziness or weakness, patients need not drive under the influence.

Interaction of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection

• Drug-Drug Interaction :

Aminoglycosides × Oxaliplatin 

At the same time, there is a risk of significantly increased nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. The two agents have the potential to affect the renal and auditory functions and require a close attention to renal parameters and auditory thresholds.

Loop Diuretics × Oxaliplatin 

Co-use can support the probability of hearing loss and electrolyte imbalance. Higher doses of loop diuretics may be ototoxic.

Oxaliplatin × Other Nephrotoxic Agents

NSAIDs or radiographic contrast media are some of the agents that may increase renal injury during Oxaliplatin treatment. The renal function should be routinely assessed.

Oxaliplatin × Myelosuppressive Agents

Combination therapy could also increase bone marrow suppression, which would result in anaemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.

Live Vaccines × Oxaliplatin 

Oxaliplatin has immunosuppressive effects and these effects could increase the risk of severe infection in the context of live vaccination. It is, therefore, recommended that when starting therapy be delayed in the case of vaccination.

Anticonvulsants × Oxaliplatin 

Serum levels of some anticonvulsants can change with Oxaliplatin and thus require therapeutic drug monitoring.

Drug–Food Interaction 

Oxaliplatin is given intravenously and, thus, there is no change in the pharmacokinetics of the dietary components. However, proper nutrition is still important among patients with chemotherapy; those with nausea caused by chemotherapy ought to be guided by the set nutritional recommendations.

Drug–Disease Interaction 

Renal Impairment: 

Oxaliplatin has a high nephrotoxicity and is mainly clear through the kidney. Those patients who have renal dysfunction prior to surgery are more prone to renal injury. Dose adjustment or alternative medicine can be justified.

Bone Marrow Suppression: 

Oxaliplatin is likely to worsen the anaemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, thus patients with a prior history of cytopenias are to be closely monitored..

Hearing Disorders: 

Preexisting hearing impairments can be increased. Ototoxicity is cumulative in nature and therefore increases with sustained exposure to oxaliplatin.

Electrolyte Imbalance: 

Oxaliplatin can trigger hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia, which are to be monitored and avoided.

Contraindication of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection

Oxaliplatin should also be avoided in patients with hypersensitivity to platinum drugs or severe kidney impairment, as the drug is associated with a high dose of nephrotoxicity. Patients who come with severe bone marrow suppression or acute severe infection ought to delay treatment until they are stable. Oxaliplatin should not be used in pregnant women due to its ability to cause harm to the foetus. They should be very careful with the patients who experience hearing loss or are severely dehydrated beforehand.

Dosage of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection

Oxaliplatin is recommended at a dose that is adjusted to the body surface and the given treatment regimen. It is administered intravenously, in regular cycles, according to the instructions of the oncologist.

Storage of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection

Refrigerate in the light-resistant container at 28C in refrigeration, the product must not be frozen and should be locked away so that the children would not reach it.

Missed Dose of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection

Due to the clinical use of oxaliplatin, the lack of compliance with the dosing schedule is not frequent.

Other General Information of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection   

Patients are advised to maintain a good amount of hydration as they continue with the treatment. Routine cheque-ups of the renal functions and hematologic parameters are necessary. The symptoms of oliguria, hearing changes, or constant fatigue are to be reported immediately. Unsupervised self-medication is discouraged in the treatment.

FAQs of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection  

1. What is the point of Oxaliplatin pre- and post-hydration therapy?

Oxaliplatin has severe nephrotoxicity. Adequate intravenous hydration will dilute renal drug concentration and will aid prompt excretion to reduce the possibility of renal injury.

2. Why is there such a close watch on the electrolyte levels with the course of Oxaliplatin treatment?

Oxaliplatin prompts large renal losses of magnesium, potassium and calcium. Under correction of these deficits may cause muscular weakness, arrhythmias or neurological disturbances.

3. Is Oxaliplatin reversible in causing hearing loss?

Oxaliplatin-related ototoxicity can be dose dependent and in some instances it can be unrecoverable. Early diagnosis through audiometric evaluation is important in the prevention of permanent hearing loss.

4. What is the reason behind frequently using Oxaliplatin with other chemotherapy medications?

Oxaliplatin has synergistic action with other cytotoxic agents. Combination regimens increase tumour response and general treatment efficacy.

5. Is Oxaliplatin capable of interfering with fertility?

No, Oxaliplatin may cause infertility among both the men and women. Reproductively-age patients must be asked about fertility preservation options before beginning their treatment.

6. What is the reason why severe nausea is so common with Oxaliplatin?

Oxaliplatin activates the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the brain to a large degree and makes it one of the most emetogenic chemotherapeutic agents. In order to curb this side effect, antiemetic therapy is regularly dispensed.

Fact Box of Dacotin RTU 50 (Oxaliplatin 50mg) injection:

Field	Details
Generic/Molecule Name	Oxaliplatin
Therapeutic Class	Anti-neoplastic agent
Pharmacological Class	Platinum compound (Alkylating-like agent)
Dosage form	Injection
Habit forming	No
Indication	Testicular cancer, Ovarian cancer, Bladder cancer, Lung cancer, Head and Neck cancer

 

References

• FDA Prescribing Information – Eloxatin (Oxaliplatin Injection).
  https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2023/021492s029lbl.pdf
• European Medicines Agency (EMA) – Oxaliplatin Summary of Product Characteristics
  https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents
• DrugBank Online – Oxaliplatin (DB00526)
  https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00526
• National Cancer Institute (NCI) – Oxaliplatin
  https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs/oxaliplatin