Aciclovir 400mg (Aciclovir)

Aciclovir
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Brand nameZoviraxActive substanceAciclovirStrength400mgCategoryAnti ViralPackaging5 Tablets

Description of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg) is also called as Acycloguanosine, which is belongs to antiviral medication.

Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg) is a type of nucleoside analogs (group of synthetic medicines), will inhibit the symptoms of infection contains Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), this infection will cause herpes simplex or type of herpes virus VZV (varicella-Zoster virus) and thereby causes shingles and chickenpox.

Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg) is a prescription medicines administrated orally which is used under the supervision of medical practioners. Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg) is used with combination of other medications.

Medical use /Indication of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg) is used to reduce pain and fast healing of sores or blisters which is caused by varicella (chickenpox), Herpes Zoster.

Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg) is also used for the treatment of herpes virus infection which causes sore to form around the genitals and rectum from time to time (genital herpes) and hence prevents the outbreaks of genital herpes in people affected by virus.

Mechanism of Action Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Acivir is stimulated by phosphorylation before to that medicine will inhibits the viral DNA synthesis .
Acivir converted by addition of phosphate group to a viral enzyme known as thymidine kinase has more affinity.
HSV-TK or VZV-TK converts into acyclovir triphosphate by phosphorylation then fused into viral DNA, thereby stops further synthesis of DNA.
Since Acivir attack to a selective type of viral kinase, the medicines enters and works on those cells infected with HSV or VZV, hence it will disorganize the formation of herpesvirus DNA At high concentration has less activity in uninfected cells, Therefore HSV-TK or VZV-TK mutation will leads resistance to acyclovir.

ADME of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Absorption of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Poorly water soluble, peak plasma concentration after 1-2 hours and bioavailability 15-30%.

Distribution of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Plasma protein binding is ranging between 9 to 33%.

Elimination of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Half life based according to age group neonates have t1/2 4 hours, children’s have 2-3 hours and for adults t1/2 3 hours

SIDE EFFECTS  of  Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Common side effects :

  • Weakness
  • Vomiting
  • Nausea
  • Diarrhea
  • Headache

Serious Side Effects:

  • Unusal changes in mood like aggressive behavior, confusion, speaking trouble, hallucinations, seizures, Coma.
  • Reduced RBC and Platelets like fatigue
  • Liver problems
  • Myalgia
  • Skin reaction like hair loss, rash, breaking or loosening of skin, hives
  • Changes in your vision
  • Kidney failure like flank pain, bloody urine

Precautions of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

  • Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg) cause allgeric reaction like breathing trouble, swelling of throat or tongue, rash, hives. Inform your doctor if symptoms occurs.
  • Discuss with your consultant about planning to become pregnant or pregnancy because medicine can be used if possible benefits clarify possible risk to the patients.
  • Discuss with doctor If you had kidney disease because the excretion of medicine will not perform well, Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg) will decrease the kidney function.

Drug interaction of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

  • When concomitant with probenecid will decrease tubular secretion of acyclovir and rise the blood plasma and half- life of acyclovir.
  • Concomitant use with nephrotoxic medicines may cause increase the risk in renal function
  • Interact with immunostimulators will enhancing effects of acyclovir

Contraindication of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Acivir is contraindicated in patients who causes hypersensitivity to acyclovir or valacyclovir.        

Pregnancy of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Category B: In animal studies it has not shown risk to the fetus and In human no enough studies carried out in pregnant women to describe the risk to the fetus. Medicine used only if possible benefits clarify possible risk to the patients.

Lactation of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Mother should decided whether to stop medication or breastfeeding because Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg) may pass into breast milk and cause adverse reaction to the infants who is feeding.

Dosage of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Herpes simplex- mucocutaneous/ immunocompetent host

For adult dose: 200mg orally every 4 hours or 5 times a day for 10 days.

For 5 to 10 days 400mg orally 3 times a day is given.

For pediatric dose: less than 12 years 40 to 80mg/kg/day orally, it can be divided into 3 to 4 times a day, max 5 to 10 days

Max dose up to 1000mg/day

12yrs or older: 200mg orally 5 times a day every 4 hours

400mg orally 3 times a day

Duration: 7 – 10 days

Herpes simplex - mucocutaneous/ immunocompromised host

For adult dose: 400mg orally 3 times a day

Duration: up to 5 to 10 days

Severe disease: 5mg/kg IV every 8 hours

Episodic treatment: 400mg orally 3 times a day upto 5 to 14 days

For pediatric dose: <12 years: 10 mg/kg IV for every 8 hours upto 7 days

12 years or older: 5 mg/kg IV for every 8 hours upto 7 days

continues HIV infection

Mild Symptomatic Gingivostomatitis:20 mg/kg orally 4 times a day for 7 to 10 days ; Maximum dose: 400 mg

Moderate to Severe Gingivostomatitis:5 to 10 mg/kg IV 3 times a day

Herpes Simplex Encephalitis

For adult dose: 10mg/kg IV for every 8 hours

Duration: 10days and center for disease control and prevention recommends 21 days

For pediatric dose: 3 months to 12 years old : IV 10 to 20 mg/kg for every 8 hours

12 years or older: 10mg/kg IV every 8 hours

Duration: 10days and center for disease control and prevention recommends 21 days

Herpes Zoster

For adult dose: 800mg orally every 4 hours ( 5 times a day) for 7 to 10 days

Immunocompromised host:10 mg/kg IV every 8 hours for 7 days

Treatment Duration 7 to 14-day course (oral plus IV)

For pediatric dose: Immunocompetent Host:

Parenteral:

< 1 year: 10 mg/kg IV every 8 hours for 7 to 10 days

1 year or older: 500 mg/m2 IV every 8 hours for 7 to 10 days

Oral: 12 years or older: 800 mg orally 5 times a day for 5 to 7 days

Immunocompromised Host: 10 mg/kg IV every 8 hours for 7 to 10 days

OVERDOSAGE: Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg) involving ingestion of 100 capsules ( 20g) have been reported has agitation, coma, seizures and lethargy

Storage of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

Store at 15℃ to 25℃

Keep away from light

Avoid storing of medicine in moist or damp areas.

Missed dose of Zovirax 400mg (Acyclovir 400mg)

If dose missed: immediately administer the medicine as you remember. If next dose time reaches swap the missed dose and continue the regular schedule. avoid taking double dose at a time. Please consult the doctor for further details.

Brand name:
Zovirax
Active substance:
Aciclovir
Strength:
400mg
Category:
Anti Viral
Packaging:
5 Tablets
Product form:
Tablet

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